LEGAL ASPECTS OF CONCLUDING ONLINE TRAINING CONTRACTS IN ELECTRONIC FORM

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal aspects of concluding online training contracts in electronic form as a modern type of contracts for the provision of services in a digital environment. The legal nature of such legal relations is disclosed, the features of the status of the customer, the performer and the digital platform are determined, taking into account the requirements of the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Laws of Ukraine “On Electronic Commerce”, “On Electronic Trust Services” and other regulatory acts. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms for expressing the will of the parties in digital format: registration on the platform, electronic consent marks, one-time identifiers and the use of electronic signatures. Methods of recording the fact of concluding and executing the contract are analyzed, in particular log files, electronic transactions, access history and digital records of training sessions. The essential terms of the online training contract are investigated, including the subject of the service, payment procedure, schedule, technical requirements, refund rules and limits of liability of the parties. Key legal risks are outlined: improper user identification, the use of unreliable electronic signatures, technical failures, violation of the obligation to inform, and problems with the protection of personal and sensitive data. Based on the analysis of European standards, in particular the GDPR and Directive 2019/770/ EU, proposals are formulated to improve national legislation: standardizing the definition of “online training”, clarifying identification rules, improving requirements for digital evidence, and strengthening consumer guarantees. The results of the study have practical significance for trainers, digital platforms, lawyers, and users, contributing to increasing legal certainty and security of electronic transactions in the field of training services.