CRIMINOLOGICAL MODELS FOR PREVENTING VIOLENCE IN INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CORRUPTION DETERMINANTS

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of criminological models for preventing violence used in international practice, taking into account the impact of corruption determinants on their effectiveness. It is argued that violence and corruption are interrelated social phenomena that can reinforce each other. Global models of violence prevention are considered: situational, social control, restorative, and risk-oriented. In particular, the main idea of situational prevention is that crime is often the result of favorable opportunities, not just an individual’s internal propensity for illegal actions. The introduction of a situational model of violence prevention into Ukrainian legislation is a promising direction, but it requires a comprehensive approach and consideration of national institutional conditions. The author notes that international experience in implementing the social control model shows that its effectiveness depends on a combination of formal institutional control mechanisms, active community participation, and a high level of trust in law enforcement agencies. For Ukraine, the implementation of this model could be an effective addition to classical criminological approaches, especially in the context of military challenges and heightened social tensions. The restorative model is part of a broader set of criminological strategies for preventing violence, helping to identify the social causes of offenses and directing the justice process toward restoration rather than punishment alone. According to the risk-oriented model, intervention programs are more effective when: the level of risk of an individual offender is assessed, specific criminogenic needs that should be addressed are identified, and the chosen strategy corresponds to the characteristics of the individual. This approach allows resources to be optimally directed to those at highest risk of recidivism and preventive measures to be adapted. The author concluded that the implementation of criminological and anti-corruption strategies in national violence prevention programs ensures a more systematic, transparent, and evidencebased approach to crime prevention, increases the efficiency of resource use, and strengthens public trust in state institutions.